Key Signatures

A key signature tells you which notes are sharp or flat throughout a piece. It appears at the beginning of each staff line.

Key Signature Reference

KeyAccidentalsRelative MinorStaff
C majorNoneAm
G majorF#Em
D majorF#, C#Bm
A majorF#, C#, G#F#m
E majorF#, C#, G#, D#C#m
B majorF#, C#, G#, D#, A#G#m
F# majorF#, C#, G#, D#, A#, E#D#m
F majorBbDm
Bb majorBb, EbGm
Eb majorBb, Eb, AbCm
Ab majorBb, Eb, Ab, DbFm
Db majorBb, Eb, Ab, Db, GbBbm

Circle of Fifths

The circle of fifths shows the relationship between all 12 major and minor keys. Moving clockwise adds a sharp; moving counter-clockwise adds a flat. Click any key to hear its tonic chord.

CGDAEBF#/GbDbAbEbBbFAmEmBmF#mC#mG#/AbmEbmBbmFmCmGmDmCircle ofFifths

Relative Major & Minor

Every major key has a relative minor that shares the same key signature. The relative minor starts on the 6th degree of the major scale.

C majorA minor
G majorE minor
D majorB minor
A majorF# minor
E majorC# minor
B majorG# minor
F# majorD# minor
F majorD minor
Bb majorG minor
Eb majorC minor
Ab majorF minor
Db majorBb minor

Quiz: Key Signatures

Question 1 of 6Score: 0

How many sharps/flats does C major have?